10 Tips for Using Solar Power Effectively

Solar power is an effective way to reduce your electricity bill and your carbon footprint. This renewable energy resource can readily provide more than suitable power for your home’s requirements. Solar power is reliant on the sun, so there are going to be days where you will need to use your solar as effectively as possible.

Use your solar power wisely to make sure that you can keep your household running smoothly with as few interruptions as possible. Solar power is incredibly impressive in its use of sunlight, but it is still not a miracle worker, the most effective use of solar energy will still be reliant on the end-user. So, aside from knowing why solar panels are worth it, you also need to use solar power properly.

Follow the tips below to get the most out of your green energy system.

Tips for Using Solar Power Effectively

1. Install LED Lights

Traditional light bulbs use ten times more power than LED light bulbs; unfortunately, most of that energy is wasted on producing heat instead of light. Older bulbs, like incandescent bulbs, are nowhere near as efficient and energy-smart as LED bulbs are. Your first step should be to replace all of the old light bulbs in your home with newer LED versions.

An LED light utilizes far less energy to produce the same lumen or light output. For instance, a 115 luminous flux will require a traditional bulb to consume 15 watts, while an LED bulb will only need 2.5 watts.

LED bulbs can also last 3.5 times longer than other light bulbs. With LED bulbs, you can reduce your overall cooling cost. They’re safe to use outdoors, don’t emit heat, and are dimmable.

2. Use Appliances During The Day

That should go without saying, but most of us are still falling into our old ways in terms of behavioral energy consumption. That may sound like a tricky concept, but all it means is that we aren’t taking the time to think about our consumption.

Use your appliances during the day, when the sunlight is at its strongest. That is particularly important for heavy usage appliances like dishwashers, dryers, and ovens.

3. Stagger Your Electricity Consumption

Try not to have all of your heavy usage appliances running at the same time. Instead, think smart and act smarter – stagger the usage throughout the day. That means that you won’t have a massive drain on your solar system all at once, which will give it time to replenish the energy as it is used. This is one of the ways you can create a greener home.

4. Clean Your Panels Regularly

Your solar panel installation will be reliant on the panels getting the most sunshine possible. After some time the dirt, dust, and bird droppings will build upon the panels and stop them from being able to work as efficiently as they did in the beginning.

solar panels maintenance

Getting on your roof yourself can be dangerous and difficult, rather hire professionals to come in and take care of them for you. Make sure to clean solar panels every six months. The best times to clean your solar panels are late spring and autumn. If your home is located in farming or construction areas, maintain your solar panels more frequently. A roof access hatch can make it safer and easier for professionals to reach your solar panels during scheduled maintenance.

5. Clear Away Trees

Your solar power system will last you years if you take care of it properly. That means that trees and bushes near your panels will continue to grow and possibly cover the panels. You need to check your panels every few weeks and make sure that nothing is covering them.

Shade is the enemy of solar power, so trim back any bushes or trees that look like they could interfere with your system working efficiently. You can hire a tree removal company to ensure proper clearing of trees away from your solar panels. In this way, you can securely clean the solar panels without undue risk of damage from improper tree removal.

6. Monitor Your Usage

The only way to know if your energy habits need changing is if you start monitoring your usage. It is perfectly normal for your usage to fluctuate seasonally, particularly when you need to heat or cool your home.

Monitor your consumption and make note of any changes that occur. You should also switch out old appliances for newer, more energy-efficient models. Solar power companies have online tools that you can use to measure your average solar energy usage. If your energy needs are higher than what your solar panels can provide, don’t hesitate to contact a solar power specialist to avoid service disruption. Specialists can also provide you with tips so you can still maximize the use of your new appliances.

7. Add Batteries

Solar batteries are a great way to store energy for use later on. This comes in handy when you need to use power in the late afternoons or evenings. You can draw on the stored energy from the batteries instead of paying the higher rates that are charged during these peak hours.

Check with your installer beforehand so that they can add the batteries to your initial set-up. You can add more batteries at a later stage if you need them.

8. Use Smart Home Tech

As technology evolves, it becomes smarter. Smarter tech is more efficient than older tech, so use this to your advantage by installing smart tech into your home. This can include anything from smart light bulbs to timers for your water heater.

lowering-home-temperature

The smartest home tech will be able to stop or start almost any appliance in your home from dryers to lights, and even your pool pump. This way you can choose the exact time when your heavy usage appliances will come on.

9. Check Windows and Doors

You would be horrified to know how much heat your home loses through windows and doors. These areas typically have tiny gaps where air and heat escape, these are also the same places where cold air enters from outside.

Reduce the strain on your solar power system by installing double-paned windows and regularly replacing the weather stripping around your home. You can also try cheaper ways to improve the insulation in your home, like adding thick drapery to your windows.

10. Change Your Behavior

Installing solar power in your home is just the first step of many that we need to take to live a greener and more sustainable life on Earth. None of that will matter if your perception of energy usage doesn’t change – your behavior can make or break this change.

green investment

Be mindful of the way you utilize power and pay particular attention to how you waste energy. Having lights on in empty rooms, running the washing machine for only a handful of items, and opening and closing the fridge multiple times are just a few examples of how we waste electricity without even realizing it.

To End

Solar power can only be as effective as the person using it. Take the time to understand electricity and solar power consumption and find ways to reduce your home’s utilization. Alternative energy resources are the way of the future, we cannot be relying on traditional forms for energy anymore, like coal power.

Solar power is the cleanest and most abundant renewable resource and deserves everyone’s attention. Everyone should know about the vast range of benefits that solar power installations have on the environment and our grid security – it is truly something worth investing in.

Environmental Sustainability in Islam

Islamic beliefs, traditions and values provide an effective and comprehensive solution to the current environmental challenges faced by the human race. Islam has a rich tradition of highlighting the importance of environmental protection and conservation of natural resources. According to Islamic law, the basic elements of nature – land, water, fire, forest, and light – belong to all living things, not just human beings.

The Holy Qur’an and Sunnah are a guiding light to promote sustainable development in Islamic countries as well as around the world. Allah (Subhanahu Wa Ta’ala) commands human beings to avoid doing mischief and wasting resources as these acts cause degradation of the environment. The privilege to exploit natural resources was given to the mankind on a guardianship basis, which implies the right to use another person’s property on the promise that it will not be damaged or destroyed.

Islam and environmental conservation

The Holy Qur’an and the Environment

The Holy Qur’an has a number of specific references to ecology and also contains some important principles for environmental conservation. The first principle which guides Islamic teaching on environmental sustainability is the concept of trusteeship. Being a khalifa (or guardian), a man should take all necessary steps to ensure that the entrusted property is passed on to the next generation in as pure a form as possible. According to Islam each man is the custodian of nature, and must live with harmony with other creatures. It is the duty of all Muslims to respect, nurture and care for the environment.

Corruption of all kinds, including environmental corruption, which includes industrial pollution, environmental damage, and reckless exploitation and mismanagement of natural resources are disliked by Allah (Subhanahu Wa Ta’ala).

Quran and environmental conservation

Allah (Subhanahu Wa Ta’ala) says in the Holy Qur’an:

“And Allah loveth not those who do mischief” (Surat Al Ma’eda, verse 64)

“And do no mischief on the earth after it has been set in order: that will be best for you, if ye have Faith” (Surat Al A’raf, ‘the Heights’, verse 85)

Eat and drink: But waste not by excess, for Allah loveth not the wasters (Surat Al-A’raf 7: 31).

“And do good as Allah has been good to you. And do not seek to cause corruption in the earth. Allah does not love the corrupters”, (Surat Al Qasas 28:77)

“Children of Adam, dress well whenever you are at worship, and eat and drink (as we have permitted) but do not be extravagant: God does not like extravagant people.” (Surat Al-A’raf 7:31)

According to the Holy Qur’an, environmental conservation is a religious duty as well as social obligation, and not an optional matter. The exploitation of a particular natural resource is directly related to accountability and maintenance of the resource.

Quran and environmental conservation

The Hadith and the Environment

Hadiths or the traditions of Prophet Muhammad (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) also deal extensively with various aspects of environment including resource conservation, land reclamation and environmental hygiene. Prophet Muhammad (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) discouraged overconsumption, luxury and lavishness and encouraged moderation in all walks of life.

The most popular Hadith on environment states “The earth is green and beautiful and Allah has appointed you his stewards over it” which reiterates Quran teaching that human beings have been given the responsibility of guardianship over the natural environment.

The Prophet (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) clearly forbade destruction of trees and crops even during war times as long as their existence remains advantageous to the enemy.  The Prophet (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) gave high degree of importance towards sustainable cultivation of land, waste minimization, humane treatment of animals, preservation of natural resources and protection of wildlife. Some of the sayings of Prophet bless and Muhammad (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) on environmental sustainability are:

“The world is beautiful and verdant, and verily God, be He exalted, has made you His stewards in it, and He sees how you acquit yourselves.” (Muslim)

“If a Muslim plants a tree or sows seeds, and then a bird, or a person or an animal eats from it, it is regarded as a charitable gift (sadaqah) for him.” (Bukhari)

 “Whoever plants a tree and diligently looks after it until it matures and bears fruit is rewarded,” (Musnad) 

The Prophet (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) recognized that natural resources should not be overexploited or abused. In order to protect land, forests and wildlife, the Prophet created inviolable zones, known as Haram and Hima, in which resources were to be left untouched. Haram areas were drawn up around wells and water sources to protect the groundwater from overpumping. Hima applied to wildlife and forestry and designated an area of land where grazing and woodcutting was restricted, or where certain animal species (such as camels) were protected.

ecological hadith

Prophet Muhammed (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) established a hima to the south of Madina and forbade hunting within a four mile radius and destruction of trees or plants within a twelve mile radius. The creation of inviolable zones shows the importance placed by Prophet Muhammad (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) on sustainable use of natural resources and protection of wildlife and agricultural land.

Explore the Power of a 12V 100Ah Battery for Off-Grid Adventures

What can you do with a 12V 100Ah battery? This versatile power source has countless applications, whether you’re off-grid camping, powering a small boat, or setting up a home backup system. In this article, I’ll discuss the top 10 uses for a 12V 100Ah battery and provide practical ideas for making the most of this powerful energy storage solution.

A LiTime 12V 100Ah battery offers reliability and convenience, from keeping your electronics charged during a road trip to ensuring your solar setup runs smoothly. Stick around to discover how this battery can be a game-changer for your energy needs.

Uses of 12V 100Ah Battery

What is a 12V 100Ah Battery?

A 12V 100Ah battery is a rechargeable power source rated at 12 volts with a capacity of 100 ampere-hours. It stores electricity commonly for various applications, such as off-grid solar systems and backup power. These batteries provide consistent power output, making them reliable for different uses.

I used a 12V 100Ah battery during a camping trip, and it powered my portable fridge and lights for days. This battery’s durability and storage capacity are ideal for sustained power situations.

  • Voltage: 12 volts
  • Capacity: 100 ampere-hours
  • Type: Often lead-acid or lithium-ion
  • Applications: Solar systems, backup power, marine use

These features make a 12V 100Ah battery versatile and indispensable for various power needs.

Benefits of Using a 12V 100Ah Battery

  • Versatile Applications: A 12V 100Ah battery supports diverse uses like off-grid solar systems and RV power. For example, I powered my phone and lights during an off-grid camping trip.
  • Long Lasting: These batteries provide extended power durations. With a 100Ah capacity, my camping fridge ran smoothly all night.
  • Reliable Backup: They offer dependable backup power for home systems. During a recent outage, the battery kept my essential devices running.
  • Low Maintenance: These batteries require minimal upkeep, especially in lithium-ion variants. One battery lasted several years with only periodic checks.
  • Efficient Storage: Compact design makes storage easy. I stored mine in a small RV compartment without issues.
  • Reusable: Recharge capabilities make these batteries cost-effective over time. Frequent recharges during my camping provided consistent performance.

Top Uses for a 12V 100Ah Battery

1. Solar Energy Storage

A 12V 100Ah battery is perfect for storing solar energy. It’s commonly used in off-grid solar installations to store energy captured during the day for use at night. Solar panels charge the battery, providing power when sunlight isn’t available. Using one during a week-long camping trip, I kept lights, a small fridge, and other gadgets running smoothly without relying on traditional power sources.

2. RV and Camping Power Supply

A 12V 100Ah battery is essential for RVs and camping. It reliably powers lights, fans, and small appliances while off-grid. During a recent trip, I noticed how seamlessly it kept my RV’s fridge running and powered up essential devices like my phone and tablet.

3. Marine Applications

A 12V 100Ah battery is a great addition to boats. It efficiently powers navigation systems, lights, and other onboard electronics. For instance, on my friend’s fishing boat, the battery-powered the sonar, radio, and electric trolling motor without any issues.

4. Backup Power for Home

A 12V 100Ah battery is invaluable during power outages. It keeps essential devices running, such as lights, fans, and communication tools. I used one during a storm-induced outage, and it kept my essentials operational until grid power returned.

5. Electric Vehicles and Golf Carts

Electric vehicles (EVs) and golf carts also use 12V 100Ah batteries. They provide a reliable energy source for propulsion systems. My neighbor’s electric golf cart runs efficiently on one, offering hours of use on a single charge.

6. Telecommunications Backup

Telecommunications setups often require reliable backup power. A 12V 100Ah battery ensures communication equipment stays on during power interruptions. Telecom towers in remote areas frequently use this type of battery for consistent performance.

Off Grid House

7. Portable Power for Outdoor Events

Outdoor events like concerts and fairs need portable power. A 12V 100Ah battery is ideal for powering sound systems, lighting, and other equipment. Organizers used multiple units to keep everything running smoothly at a community fair I attended.

8. Powering Medical Equipment

Critical medical equipment requires reliable power sources. A 12V 100Ah battery can power devices like CPAP machines without interruption. A colleague of mine uses one to ensure their CPAP runs smoothly during travel.

9. DIY Projects and Off-Grid Systems

Hobbyists and DIY enthusiasts often turn to 12V 100Ah batteries for projects. These batteries can power custom-built systems ranging from small robots to elaborate off-grid setups. I used one to create an off-grid lighting system for my backyard shed.

10. Battery Banks and Energy Storage Systems

Many people use 12V 100Ah batteries to build larger battery banks. These banks provide robust energy storage for homes, businesses, and remote facilities. A friend of mine integrated multiple batteries into his home energy system, significantly extending the time he can run off-grid.

Conclusion

In my experience, a 12V 100Ah battery proved invaluable during a week-long camping trip. It reliably powered our fridge, lights, and devices, eliminating worries about running out of power. This battery can make off-grid adventures smoother and more enjoyable.

Everything You Should Know About Thermophilic Composting

Thermophilic composting of organic waste is getting increasing attention worldwide because of its ability to convert solid wastes into organic fertilizer within a short period of time. The thermophilic composting system consists of an enclosed reactor laced with a microbe-enzyme cocktail.

The commonly used microorganisms are naturally occurring bacillus sp., pseudomonas sp, bifidobacterium sp., lactobacillus sp., streptomyces sp., corynbacterium sp etc. Enzymes such as proteinase, keratinase, lipase and cellulose are employed to accelerate the aerobic digestion process.

what is thermophilic composting

Features of Thermophilic Composting

The most important feature of thermophilic composting process is its operating temperature range of 70 – 80 °C which eliminates all pathogens and harmful bacteria present in the waste stream, and activate the thermophilic enzyme thus shortening fermentation time.

During the thermophilic digestion process, complex organic waste is digested into simpler organic matter, which forms the backbone of quality organic fertilizer after 24 hours of processing in the digester.

Organic waste can be of animal or plant origin such as organic fraction of MSW, slaughterhouse waste, animal manure, food wastes, vegetable and fruit market wastes etc. The end product is odor-free and pathogen-free high-quality organic fertilizer.

compost cycle

Potential of Thermophilic Composting

The high rate of growth and consequent rise in solid waste generation makes it imperative on governments to make use of latest waste management technologies to manage wastes in a sustainable manner. Thermophilic composting is a promising innovation which can address a variety of solid waste management issues. A wide range of organic waste can be processed into organic fertilizer which can, in turn, be used for growing food and cash crops.

Organic fertilizer is important in the MENA region due to the sandy soils condition. Sandy soil has poor nutrient and water retention, which are vital for agriculture. With the use of organic fertilizer, the organic matter content will improve the fertility of soil and more sand space can be added value for sustainable farming activity.

Thermophilic Composting

The organic fertilizer produced can also be mixed with chemical fertilizers to produce “fortified organic fertilizer” which combines the benefits of both organic and chemical fertilizers. Such fertilizer is getting more popular because it is cheaper and environment-friendly compared to chemical fertilizers. In some countries around the MENA region, quality organic fertilizer is a scarce resource which is more expensive than chemical fertilizers.

The market adaptability of organic fertilizer allows it to be used both in organic farming and conventional farming because the quality organic fertilizer is able to bring in intangible benefits such as healthier soil which helps to lower down future fertilizing costs. This allows the producer to tap into both farming markets.

However the growth of organic farming is strongly dependent on the constant supply of organic fertilizers with consistent quality and big volume which can be ensured by introducing modern composting systems, like thermophilic composting.

Such systems are currently being used in Southeast Asia, Europe and North America on account of its ability to address environmental issues, generation of attractive business opportunities and promoting entrepreneurial initiative across the region.

8 Ways Smart Software Optimizes Community Resource Management

Communities often struggle with managing resources efficiently. Waste piles up, energy gets wasted, and public services can fall short. Fortunately, smart software is revolutionizing how we tackle these issues.

Innovations in data analytics, IoT sensors, and AI algorithms enable us to optimize waste reduction, monitor energy use more effectively, and streamline public services. These technological advancements ensure communities become cleaner, greener places to live while maximizing resource utilization.

community resource management

If you’re curious about how these tools work, this article explores various ways smart software optimizes community resource management.

1. Community Health and Safety Analytics

Advanced analytics benefit community health and safety immensely. Municipalities now leverage data to identify patterns in public health issues, like flu outbreaks or chronic disease prevalence. This proactive approach enables quicker responses to emerging threats, reducing strain on healthcare facilities.

Innovative software integrates seamlessly with various systems, offering a comprehensive view of community well-being. For instance, group home management software ensures better care coordination for vulnerable populations by efficiently tracking individual needs and resources.

Predictive models also play a crucial role here. Using past data, communities can forecast potential safety hazards, identify whether they are natural disasters or crime hotspots, and prepare accordingly.

2. Smart Energy Management Systems

As the world embraces more sustainable energy use, real-time energy monitoring has become crucial in driving this transformation. Communities now leverage smart grids and IoT devices to track energy consumption across various sectors, creating a more efficient and responsive system.

Innovative software allows homes, businesses, and public facilities access to precise data on electricity usage, enabling a balance between utility supply and demand. This leads to fewer outages and better integration of renewable resources. For example, solar panel outputs can be optimized by analyzing peak production times alongside consumption patterns.

concept of smart grid

Moreover, smart meters give households insights into their usage habits, encouraging better conservation practices. Early alerts for abnormal spikes in usage can help detect issues like faulty appliances before they escalate into significant problems.

3. Intelligent Water Distribution Networks

Water scarcity and inefficient distribution often plague communities, but intelligent water distribution networks offer an innovative solution. Advanced software with IoT sensors monitors flow rates, pressure levels, and usage patterns in real-time, allowing for precise control over the entire system.

Leaky pipes can be identified quickly, saving vast amounts of water otherwise lost through undetected leaks. Additionally, optimized irrigation schedules based on weather forecasts ensure that agricultural areas use only the necessary amount of water.

Smart software features like predictive analytics help plan future expansions or repairs to the network by analyzing current data trends. Communities also benefit from automated responses during peak usage times or emergencies like fires, ensuring consistent and reliable access to clean water for all residents.

4. Optimized Public Transportation Scheduling

Public transportation systems often face challenges with scheduling and efficiency, leading to delays and overcrowding. Smart software solutions address these issues by analyzing real-time data from GPS, traffic patterns, and passenger numbers.

Dynamic scheduling adapts routes based on demand fluctuations throughout the day. During peak hours, additional buses or trains can be deployed to prevent overcrowding while reducing services during off-peak times conserves resources.

transportation-saudi-arabia

Optimizing public transportation also reduces emissions, as vehicles run more efficiently and spend less time in traffic. This significantly impacts air quality, particularly in urban areas where pollution levels are a concern.

5. Enhanced Emergency Response Coordination

Emergency response requires swift, coordinated action to save lives and mitigate damage. Smart software significantly enhances these operations through integrated communication platforms and data-driven strategies.

Centralized command centers utilize real-time information from various sources, such as 911 calls, GPS trackers on emergency vehicles, and weather data. This enables dispatchers to allocate resources more effectively during crises. First responders receive critical updates en route, helping them navigate obstacles like traffic or road closures.

Furthermore, predictive analytics can identify high-risk areas prone to incidents like floods or fires. This allows communities to prepare by strategically pre-positioning resources and personnel proactively.

6. Predictive Maintenance for Infrastructure

Maintaining infrastructure can be daunting, often resulting in costly and disruptive reactive repairs. Predictive maintenance changes this paradigm, using modern software to monitor the condition of critical assets like roads, bridges, and utility lines.

IoT sensors embedded in these structures collect data on stress levels, vibrations, temperature fluctuations, and other indicators of wear. The software analyzes this data to predict potential failures before they occur.

Communities benefit from timely alerts that allow for scheduled maintenance during low-traffic periods or favorable weather conditions. This approach extends the lifespan of infrastructure while minimizing downtime and repair costs.

7. Data-Driven Community Planning

One significant challenge urban planners face is anticipating future needs while managing current resources. Data-driven community planning leverages advanced software to analyze demographic trends, economic activity, and land use patterns.

Planners can gain insights into population growth areas and prioritize infrastructure development accordingly. For instance, identifying neighborhoods likely to experience housing booms allows for preemptive upgrades in public services like schools, healthcare facilities, and transportation links.

amman-urban-development

Moreover, integrating feedback from residents through smart city apps creates a participatory planning process. Citizens can report issues or suggest improvements directly to municipal authorities. This collaborative approach ensures that community developments align with actual needs and preferences.

8. Smart Parking Management

Lastly, communities need efficient parking management to alleviate congestion and improve urban mobility. Traditional parking systems often lead to drivers circling blocks searching for spots, wasting time and fuel.

Smart parking systems’ advanced algorithms predict parking availability based on historical data and current traffic conditions, efficiently directing drivers to open spots. This reduces congestion in busy areas and lowers vehicle emissions from idling cars.

Municipalities can also use data from intelligent parking software to adjust parking policies dynamically, such as implementing variable pricing or reserving spaces during peak hours for different user groups. Additionally, innovative software helps enforce parking regulations more effectively through automated monitoring and ticketing systems.

Conclusion

Technology is transforming community resource management from a reactive struggle to a proactive powerhouse. From smart waste systems to real-time energy monitoring, innovative software solutions optimize efficiency and sustainability at every turn. Embracing these cutting-edge tools not only enhances quality of life but also ensures that communities thrive in an increasingly complex world.

3 DIY Ideas to Spruce Up Your Old Boat

Sailing a boat has a load of benefits that some of us may not even be aware of. You know that it gives you a sense of freedom, being out in open waters. You may enjoy fishing or love sailing and relaxing after a long week of work; what better way is there than getting in your boat and forgetting about the everyday stress and just taking in the fresh air and loving every minute of it.

Your boat may also be like a second home to you, a place to enjoy quality time with your loved ones or have get-togethers with your closest friends. Boating does wonders for your health as well. The sea breeze is suitable for your lungs, and the peace you feel can eliminate a lot of the stress and anxiety you may be experiencing.

Because you treasure your boat, you would also want to keep it in top shape and make it feel more comfortable and pleasant to be in. Sprucing up your boat does not require you to hire professionals to get it done. There are some DIY projects you can try to make your boat look and feel good. You can also come up with ways to make it much easier to maintain. For example, you can replace a boat carpet with bedliner that you can do all on your own.

If you’re ready to get your DIY projects on the way, here are some you can do to spruce up your old boat.

DIY Ideas to Spruce Up Your Old Boat

1. Clean and repaint

Your boat’s exterior needs as much attention as its interior. So naturally, you would want it to look good on the outside, and to do that, you should start getting it cleaned up thoroughly. Cleaning up is not a difficult task, especially for the deck and the hull. However, it does require you to scrub with a suitable marine cleaner.

The proper way of doing this is to start cleaning from the top going downwards. Concerning repainting, you may want to hire the services of professionals who can best do the job, unless you have the expertise. Just the same, seeking advice from them will help, as they can tell whether repainting is necessary and ensure that the repainting job lasts.

2. Add mobile phone cradles and charging ports

We all know that everyone carries a mobile phone with them anywhere they go. As people get into the boat, they would typically stow their phone in the glove box, storage compartment, or just about anywhere they can set it on. Cell phone cradles are practical and convenient for everyone, including yourself.

They are cheap and easy to mount, come in various designs, and can be installed with adhesive, screws, or suction cups. They are practical and are convenient for everyone’s use. USB charging ports are another amenity your boat can use to ensure that your electronic gadgets are always fully charged wherever you are.

3. Refurbish your upholstery

Give your boat’s cabin a facelift and spruce it up by refurbishing your upholstery. You may visit a boat upholsterer and get them to take care of your worn-out cushions. However, cushions that have been deformed from a long time of usage may have to be replaced.

running-a-marina

There are many other DIY boat restoration ideas you can use to improve the look of your old boat. Adding even the most simple conveniences and keeping it clean can enhance its appearance and give it a fresh look and feel in order to make money out of your marine business.

القيمة المشتركة للشركات: الاتجاهات في عالم الشركات

ماذا لو قامت الشركات بعمل جيد وكسبت المال في الآن نفسه ؟ يعتقد رواد الأعمال الذين يتبعون فكرة القيمة المشتركة للشركات أن بإمكانهم تحقيق ذلك. ويقول العديد من مؤيدي الفكرة  أنها ستعيد تعريف الرأسمالية وإحياءها . في هذا الإطار،  قام  كل من  الاستاذ بكلية الأعمال في جامعة هارفرد مايكل بورتر و المدير الإداري لشركة الاستشارات الاجتماعية للأثر الاجتماعي مارك كارمر بدراسة اتجاه القيمة المشتركة للشركات عام 2011 من خلال مقال بحثي بجامعة هارفرد، وتم خلاله تعريف القيمة المشتركة على أنها: جيل جديد من التفكير التجاري الذي يعزز الوضع التنافسي للشركة وتطوير المجتمع الذي يعمل فيه في آن واحد.

corporate shared value

حملت المقالة عنوان “إنشاء قيمة مشتركة” وبدأت بمناقشة عالمية لفكرة كل من المؤلفَيْن. كما كتب المؤلفون أن الرأسمالية كانت في ورطة، وانخفضت الثقة بالشركات إلى أدنى مستوى على الإطلاق، كما  ساد الاعتقاد بين الناس على أنها قدمت ضررا يفوق نفعها.

وقالوا أن أحد أسباب أزمة الثقة هذه، هو أن الشركات كانت تميل إلى تحقيق أهداف قصيرة المدى وتجاهلت الآثار المترتبة على ذلك للمدى الطويل والاحتياجات الغير محققة في السوق.

جادل بورتر وكارمر أن الشركات يمكنها تغيير ذلك من خلال إنشاء القيمة المشتركة.

ما هي القيمة المشتركة

عرف كارمر وبورتر القيمة المشتركة على أنها: طريقة لخلق قيمة إقتصادية تضيف قيمة للمجتمع وتعالج تحديات إضافية.

و بالسير على هذا النهج يمكن للشركات إعادة تنظيم نجاحها مع التقدم الاجتماعي. وكما قالوا أن نهج القيمة المشتركة يمكنهم من العمل على القضايا الاجتماعية لخلق فرص اقتصادية تحقق الفوائد لكل من المجتمع والشركات ، علاوة  على توجيه  المجتمعات نحو إحداث  تغيير إيجابي. كما أنه لا يجب أن يحقق أحد أهداف القيمة المشتركة للشركات بشكل منفصل عن الآخر..

ويجب التنويه على أن القيمة المشتركة للشركات هو مفهوم يختلف عن المسؤولية الاجتماعية للشركات. حيث أن المسؤولية الاجتماعية تهتم أكثر بالأعمال الخيرية وتحمل مسؤولية المجتمعات بينما القيمة المشتركة للشركات تركز على كسب الأرباح بالتزامن مع تقليص الضرر الاجتماعي الناتج عنها. ولا يعني ذلك أن تحل القيمة المشتركة محل المسؤولية الاجتماعية، ولكن تضيف القيمة المشتركة على المسؤولية الاجتماعية اتخاذ إجراءات ايجابية كجزء لا يتجزأ من عمليات الأعمال اليومية بأنها تضيف قيمة لكل من المجتمع والشركات.

كيف يمكن للشركات إنشاء قيمة مشتركة؟

حدد كل من بورتر وكارمر ثلاث طرق يمكن للشركات من خلالها إنشاء قيمة مشتركة:

إعادة تهيئة المنتجات والأسواق

تتضمن الطريقة الأولى منتجات الشرطة وتشمل إعادة إنشاء أو تصميم المنتجات، بحيث تلبي الاحتياجات المجتمعية. غالبا ما تساعد هذه المنتجات العملاء غير المخدومين أو المحرومين.

ومن الامثلة على الاستخدام الناجح لهذا التكتيك يأتي من شركة الرعاية الصحية Novartis ، التي أطلقت مبادرة تهدف إلى الوصول إلى الناس في المناطق الريفيّة في الهند. يقدم البرنامج الأدوية التي تعالج قضايا الصحة الاقليمية، وتبيعها في حزم أصغر لزيادة القدرة على تحمل التكاليف وتوظف موظفي المبيعات المحليين في نظام التوزيع الخاص بها وتوفر التعليم الصحي وتحسن البنية التحتية للرعاية الصحية من خلال الشراكات مع منظمات التمويل الأصغر.  وقد زادت هذه المبادرة نسبة الأشخاص الذين يرتادون الطبيب ثلاث مرات وأصبحوا مربحين بعد واحد وثلاثين شهرًا من التشغيل.

إعادة تعريف الانتاجية في سلسلة القيمة

هذا التعريف يتضمن تحسين الممارسات لاستخدام الموارد بشكل أفضل . ويمكن أن يشمل التمكين من الاستخدام الأكثر كفاءة أو انتاجية للموارد المالية ومهارات الموظفين وقدرات الشركاء التجاريين.

تشارك Wal-Mart بشكل متكرر في هذه الأنواع من المبادرات، والتي تحافظ على الموارد وتعزز ربحية الشركة. وفي عام 2005 حددت الشركة هدف مضاعفة كفاءة أسطولها بحلول عام 2015 وتحسين عملياتها للتحميل والتوجيه والقيادة والاستثمار في التكنولوجيا الجديدة، زادت الفعالية بنسبة 102.2% من عام 2005 وحتى 2015 ووفرت حوالي بليون دولار سنويا.

خلق مجموعات الصناعة الدائمة

يمكن للشركات أيضًا إنشاء قيمة مشتركة من خلال تحسين المؤسسات الداعمة وقاعدة الموردين والمهارات المتوفرة في المجتمعات التي تعمل فيها الشركة. ويمكن لهذه التغييرات زيادة الانتاجية ودعم الابتكار وتعزيز النمو.

تشتهر شركة مارس-Mars بصناعة الشوكولاته وأنواع اخرى من الحلوى، وتعتمد على تصنيع الكاكاو للنجاح، والتي يتم جمعها من مزارع أصحاب الحيازات الصغيرة في بلدان ساحل العاج.

وتتركز مبادرة رؤية التغيير التي تتبناها الشركة على تحسين دخل المزارعين في ساحل العاج من خلال زيادة الانتاجية إلى طن متري للهكتار الواحد وتحقيق مكاسب اجتماعية وبيئية من خلال هذه المكاسب الانتاجية ، وتهدف هذه المبادرة كذلك إلى تحسين المواد الزراعية وإدارة التربة في جزء منها من خلال التدريب والمشاركة مع المزارعين.

الطلقة المفرقة

وبينما لا يتفق الجميع على أهمية القيمة المشتركة للشركات. فإن أعدادًا متزايدة من الناس تقوم بدمجها في عملياتها. فهل سيحول ملف القيمة المشتركة للشركات الرأسمالية؟ أم أنه سيكون مجرد نزعة عابرة فقط؟

فقط الوقت كفيل بإثبات ذلك..

 

ترجمة وتدقيق: هبة الشطناوي؛

طالبة في السنة الرابعة في جامعة العلوم والتكنولوجيا الأردنية /

كلية الزراعة قسم الموارد الطبيعية والبيئة.

The Importance of Ecological Education in Schools

How important is the environment in our everyday life and what impact we have on it and what can you do as a student? There is no need to mention how radical our lives have changed in the last decades due to the ignorance we gave to the eco-friendly aspects.

How bad things are?

The environmental status of each year is increasingly worrying: the forested spaces are reduced, the deserts are spreading, the agricultural soils are degraded, the degree of pollution is higher, and the ozone layer is thinner, the greenhouse effect is accentuated, and many plant and animal species are endangered.

ecotherapy

يبقى الإنسان محور أهداف الفكر البيئي، وتتمثل أولويات مفاهيهمة في صون الامن البيئي للإنسان

 

It can be generalized that developed countries produce large amounts of waste and pollutants, they consume large amounts of energy and natural resources, and the impact that these countries have on the environment is highly destructive.

Because life cannot be separated from the environment, all education should be directed toward the protection of the environment. Human society needs to be interrelated and to know that each action will produce a reaction that is often unpredictable in the complex of living systems.

When natural resources are exhausted on a large scale, and the environment is polluted, it is not only a matter of local effect on plants and animals, but also the health of the people is part of this. What is healthy for nature, as a rule, is also healthy for its creatures and every man must be responsible for the impact that his life has on the life of the planet.

In every corner of the world, people cut down forests, mineral extracts and energy sources, eroding surface soil, pollute air and water, creating hazardous waste and breaking natural areas at an unprecedented pace in the history of life on earth.

Because demands arising from overpopulation and development are growing, it is becoming increasingly difficult for people to meet their needs and desires and it also becomes impossible to escape the consequences of serious environmental degradation: species disappearance, desertification, pesticide contamination, increased health problems, famine, poverty and even the loss of human life. All that information along with the cause and the effect should be introduced as a strong information ready to be showed to each student.

Importance of ecological education in schools

Ecological education is a process that aims to improve the quality of life by providing people with the right “tools” they need to solve and prevent environmental problems. Environmental education can help people gain the knowledge, skills, motivations, values and commitment they need to efficiently manage their earth’s resources and take responsibility for maintaining environmental quality.

Environmental issues are urgent and need to be addressed by the whole community, and this must be an integral part of the solution. The divergent views on the state of the environment, the consequences of its degradation and the role of education are good subjects for discussion and debate.

Also, ecological education shows you how to go green and how you should not impose a certain kind of thinking on people, it can help people learn how to think – including how to solve problems, make decisions, weigh options and align values with personal actions. For those who don’t know too well this domain or want to have the highlights of this subject, you can try to reach look online writing services which can help me do my homework.

The environment is a subject and an important aspect which should be everyone concern – that’s why for those who have this theme as the main subject you should try to look essay writing or writing services online. Doing that you will get online help for your research and get all the important aspects – how this domain affects our everyday life and what should we do for creating a better world.

environmental-education

Objectives of ecological education

The objectives of environmental education around the world are similar:

  • to protect and where necessary to restore the structure and functionality of natural systems;
  • to stop the loss of biodiversity;
  • to protect soil against erosion and pollution,
  • protecting the most precious habitats;
  • implementing different plans to protect biodiversity;
  • developing a strategy to protect the marine environment;
  • extending regional and national programs that relate to forest management;

On the other hand, ecological education enhances problem awareness and understanding of personal values by “discovering” attitudes and comprehension, helping students to evaluate and clarify their feelings about the environment and how it contributes to its problems. It helps each person to understand that people have different values, and conflicts between them must be addressed to ultimately prevent and solve environmental problems.

sustainable-schools-initiative

Eco Clubs provide an opportunity to students to participate in environmental projects and activities.

Environmental education is also a practice, in the sense of learning things like planting a tree to reduce consumption, or how to live, producing a negative impact on the environment as little as possible.

Specifically, this kind of class emphasizes some important objectives of environmental education:

  • Awareness: understanding and sensitivity to the environment and its problems; develops the ability to understand and differentiate incentives, process, refine and expand these perceptions; contributes to the use of these new skills in several contexts.
  • Knowledge: basic understanding of how the environment works, how people interact with the environment and how they appear and how to deal with environmental issues.
  • Attitude: a set of values and feelings of care for the environment, motivation and devotion to participate in maintaining the quality of the environment.
  • Skills: the skills needed to identify and investigate the problems of the environment and to contribute to solving the problems of the environment.
  • Participation: Experience in using the acquired knowledge and sustainability skills for positive and well-thought-out actions that will lead to solving environmental problems.

The Health Impacts of Drinking Contaminated Water

Drinking dirty or contaminated water causes numerous health problems, all of which one should be aware of. The contamination of water sources can start from the main water sources such as city water supplies, rivers, streams, and lakes, or well water supplies. Moreover, the main water source such as groundwater might get contaminated from toxic chemicals found underground, such as fluoride or arsenic, if the water is not filtered properly. Furthermore, contamination can occur from something as dangerous as a badly designed hazardous waste site or industrial site, exposing the water to numerous dangerous chemicals.

As previously mentioned, contaminated water has several health effects on its consumers. Here are a few effects that occur due to drinking contaminated water.

hot-water-conservation

Effects of Drinking Contaminated Water

Unfortunately, the health effects of drinking contaminated water can’t be detected or seen immediately. Additionally, components such as age, health, and physical conditions of those affected define the extent of the effects experienced. Some of the physical effects experienced due to consuming contaminated water include:

  • Nausea
  • Diarrhea
  • Intestinal cramps
  • Stomach pains
  • Dehydration
  • Irritation of the eyes, nose, and skin

These are the immediate effects that can be experienced in the short term. But, as previously mentioned, not all people experience effects right away.

In addition, some long-term effects can be experienced that don’t show until later on. These include, but are not limited to:

  • E. coli bacterial infections
  • Coliform bacterial infections
  • Lead poisoning
  • Arsenic poisoning
  • Radium poisoning
  • Exposure to unwanted pharmaceuticals
  • Exposure to herbicides
  • Infections caused by microbial pathogens

All of the above mentioned water contaminants can enter water supplies through different means. The chemicals can be absorbed into the ground, broken pipes can cause the entrance of unwanted pathogens into the water, and the dumping of waste into water sources can do the same. Some of these contaminants can be avoided through the use of a quality sediment filter. But, what are some other steps we can take to reduce water contamination?

clean-water-for-home

How to Control Water Contamination?

  • Do not throw any household chemicals or cleaning agents down the sink or toilet. The chemicals can directly affect water supply in the case of a leakage or pipe breakage. Instead, dispose of the chemicals in a nearby hazardous waste facility.
  • Do not flush pills, powder medications, or any other medical waste down the toilet or throw it down the drain. As aforementioned, medical wastes in water can be a serious issue. What you should do is search proper disposal methods for different types of medical waste and follow through with them.
  • Avoid usage of garbage disposals. Garbage disposals can be a main component of water pollution. Keep your solid wastes as they are. Don’t throw vegetables down the garbage disposal, but instead make a compost pile from your vegetable scraps.
  • Install water efficient apparatuses in your home. For instance, invest in a water-efficient toilet or sink in order to reduce water usage. This can actually help reduce water contamination issues. With an impressive 3:1 drain ratio, tankless RO system G3P800 can meet the needs of clean water drinking and water saving at the same time.

Summary

Water contamination can be brought about by several means; all equally dangerous. Through doing the steps mentioned above, you don’t only ensure your own safety from water contamination, but the safety of others as well. Keep yourself and others free from the effects of water contamination and spread the word!

Also Read: Why You Should Be Drinking More Water

النطاق الواسع للتحدي في إعادة تأهيل البادية

البادية هي عبارة عن منطقة صحراوية تغطي ما مساحته 500000 كيلومتر مربع أي ما يقارب (200000 ميل مربع) من أراضي الشرق الاوسط، بما فيها سوريا والاردن والسعودية والعراق. تمثل 85% من مساحة الاردن و55% من مساحة سوريا. وجنوباً فانها تندمج مع أراضي الصحراء العربية. للأسف فإن أجزاءً كبيرة من هذه البادية تدهورت بشكل كبير وشديد بسبب سوء الاستخدام البشري والتاريخي على مدى العصور، حيث تم قطع الاشجار واستخدامها بالبناء وتصنيع الحطب وصنع الفحم والى ما ذلك.

هذا الاستخدام بالإضافة للرعي الجائر من الابل والماعز والاغنام على مدى القرون جعل الارض قاحلة في الكثير من المناطق وأدى ذلك الى تسريع وتيرة التآكل وتسريع جريان المياه وضرر فيضاني كبير، وساهم أيضاَ بتمكين الرمال والغبار لتتطاير مع الرياح، الأمر الذي جعل الأراضي ذات أسطح ملساء جافة ليس بإمكان النباتات أن تنمو بها أو عليها.

desert restoration

يعتبر الوضع في البادية الأردنية نموذجياً بالرغم من هذه التحديات والازمات، حيث أنه يوجد أملاً وفرصاً. حيث قام الاردن بإنتاج الغذاء وزيادة الوقود الحيوي المتجدد والطاقة الشمسية، وأيضاً زيادة حصاد المياه وحماية وتحسين التنوع البيولوجي، ومن النادر التحدث عن تنفيذ الإنتعاش البيئي لكن الحاجة تزداد عاماً تلو الاخر نظراً لحدوث بعض الظواهر المتطرفة الجديدة الناتجة عن تغير المناخ والتحديات المترتبة على استضافة اللاجئين.

الطعام

ينتج الاردن ما يقارب 100 ألف طن فقط من القمح سنوياً، بمعدل طن واحد لكل هكتار (0.01 كيلومتر مربع)، ولتأمين وتلبية الطلب المحلي على القمح، فإن الاردن يستورد أكثر من مليون طن سنوياً بتكلفة 250 دولار للطن خلال 2024. وبالمقابل فإن العرب الانباط كانوا يستخدمون نوعاً من القمح كان لينتج 3.5 طن/هكتار من خلال الزراعة بمياه الفيضانات. واذا تمكن الاردن من زراعة المزيد من القمح والشعير فإنه سيحافظ على الاموال ويوفرها، مما يؤدي الى تقليل مخاطر الجوع وتقليل التعرض للاحداث الخارجية التي تؤثر على سوق القمح العالمية وكذلك سيتمكن من زيادة فرص العمل وتوفير مجالاً للاستثمار في التدريب والدعم للبساتين والمزارع المنزلية.

الطاقة

يعتمد الاردن على واردات الوقود الاحفوري، حيث يذكر انه في عام 2014 غطّت الواردات اكثر من 90% من الطلب على الطاقة بكلفة 40% من الموازنة، منذ ذلك الوقت ولغاية 2024 أصبح التقدم ملحوظاً حيث أصبح انتاج الطاقة يؤمن ثلث الاحتياج من مصادر متجددة سواءً شمسية أو طاقة رياح.

وبالرغم من أن تكاليف الطاقة لاتزال مرتفعة، فإن الأسر ذات الدخل المنخفض تستطيع الاستفادة من الوقود المنتج محلياً بإعادة زراعة أشجار الزيتون والكروم والشجيرات المتعددة لإنتاج المزيد من الوقود المتجدد من خلال عمليات تقليم الاشجار. مثلاً زراعة اشجار الرتم وبعض الشجيرات التي تعطي وقوداً افضل يؤدي الى زيادة انتاج الوقود اللازم للمنازل. وكذلك فإن استخدام الافران المتنقلة ينتج فحماً عالي الجودة من أخشاب هذه الشجيرات وتقليمها. بالإضافة لذلك فإنه بالامكان توفير الطاقة من هذا الوقود من مصادر محلية لمحطات توليد الطاقة الصغيرة، كما يمكن لامدادات الطاقة من تصميم المباني بالطاقة الشمسية وتسخين المياه بالطاقة الشمسية والانظمة الكهروضوئية أن تؤمن وتوفر الطاقة اللازمة للتوازن الطبيعي لتوزيع الطاقة للأردنيين.

المــــاء

يعاني الاردن ويواجه تحديات متزايدة بسبب نقص المياه، مياه الامطار القليلة التي تهطل على الاردن تعتبر ثمينة جداً، والحصاد المكثف الذي استخدمه الانباط للماء يعتبر أمراً ضرورياً للأردنيين، وكذلك الأمر للمحاصيل وتحسين الرعي وزيادة المياه الجوفية وتحسين التربة، وتعتبر تقنيات حصاد الماء الاخرى ضرورية لإحياء النظم البيئية والأشجار والمحاصيل، مما يقلل مخاطر الفيضانات المفاجئة.

يعتبر تعديل سطح التربة باستخدام الحفر من أهم الخيارات لتحسين تسرب المياه لداخل التربة والاحتفاظ بها، ويقلل التبخر ويزيد من تخزين سطحها وكذلك زيادة الوقت لحدوث تسربات. ويمكن لعملية الحفر أن تضاعف معدل الامتصاص، حيث أن الحفر يقلل من جريان المياه وتآكل التربة، وكذك يساهم الحفر في المناطق العليا من تجمعات الماء الى احتجاز الجريان على المنحدرات مما يسهم في زيادة المحاصيل وايضاً بامكانه التقليل من الفيضانات المفاجئة وتآكل الاخاديد والجداول المائية.

بالإمكان أن نقلل الطلب على المياه لزراعة المحاصيل المنزلية باستخدام الاوعية الفخارية المدفونة في التربة، حيث أثبتت دراسة اجريت في كينيا على ان استخدام الاواني الفخارية المدفونة استهلكت 3% من كمية المياه المستخدمة بطريقة الزراعة بالاثلام وكان محصول الطماطم من الفاكهة اكبر ب 43% من حجمها المزروع بالاثلام. وكذلك يمكن اعادة استخدام مياه غسل الاطباق ومياه الاستحمام في ري محاصيل الاشجار والكروم أو الشجيرات.

التنوع  الحيوي (البيولوجي)

إن قيام الاردن بتوجيه اهدافه لحماية التنوع الحيوي يعتبر من الامور المشجعه، حيث يلتزم الاردن بدراسة هذا التنوع للحفاظ على الموارد الطبيعية واستدامة الاستخدام لهذه الموارد. سوف تظهر نتيجة تطبيق هذه المبادئ والالتزامات على نطاق واسع في تحسين النظم البيئية وانعاشها.

water management in petra

ممكن لجميع الاستراتيجيات التي تم استخدامها وتطويرها أيام الانباط في البتراء القديمه، يمكنها ان تكون مفيدة جداً في إحياء التنوع البيولوجي في الاراضي القاحلة للبادية الأردنية ومناطق الشرق الأوسط. إن تشكيل سطح التربة لحصاد المياه وإقامة سياج لإدارة الرعي أظهر أن بعض المناطق بإمكانها أن تتعافى لان هنالك بذوراً للتعافي. مثلاُ إذا أحيينا نظام الحما فإن هذا سيعزز انتعاش النظم البيئية من خلال ادارة الرعي بطريقة أفضل.

المشاركة المجتمعية

إن التواصل مع المزارعين (رجالاً ونساء) والعمل معهم عن قرب بشكل وثيق يمكنه أن يحدث فرقاً شاسعاً باعتماد اساليب اكثر انتاجية، فعلى سبيل المثال في بوركينا فاسو أدى التدريب العملي مع المزارعين والذي شمل النساءً إلى تبني واعتماد الزراعة الحفرية في 86% من المزارع.

قامت إيكاردا (ICARDA) بالتعاون مع المركز الوطني للبحوث الزراعية (NARC) بتطوير نهج مجتمعي لإعادة تأهيل تجمعات المياه وهذا النهج يعمل بشكل فعال على إعادة تأهيل المراعي المتدهورة في مناطق تجمعات المياه المرتفعه من خلال ألية بسيطة للحصاد وزراعة اشتال الاشجار المحلية، مما يعزز أيضاَ إنتاج القمح والشعير في هذه التجمعات.

desert restoration

إن الادارة المشتركة للموارد تضمن تمكين المجتمع لاستدامة طويلة الامد للعمل بنهج متكامل لتجمعات المياه، قامت السلطات باجراء أبحاث متعددة في قرية المجيدية في البادية الوسطى في الاردن لزيادة الوعي والفهم للكيفيات والاليات الاجتماعية والبيئية بما يشمل التأثير طويل المدى لاعادة التأهيل للجريان السطحي وتآكل التربة في هذه المناطق.

العائد الاقتصادي على الاستثمار

إن الاستثمار في الإحياء والإنعاش له فوائد متعددة، حيث انه بالامكان الاحتفاظ بالتمويل الخارجي للبلدان لتوفير الغذاء والطاقة وأيضا سيتم الحفاظ على الماء والتربة، وكذلك احياء المناطق المتدهورة في البادية سيؤدي الى خفض الجريان السطحي من 23.5 الى 19.1 ملم/السنة بالمعدل ويقلل مستوى تآكل التربة من 3.3 الى 3.1 طن/هكتار. ومع الوقت هذا الاحياء سيعيد مياه الاراضي الرعوية والرواسب لمعدلها الاساسي البالغ 16.9 ملم/السنة من معدلات الجريان السطحي و 0.85 طن/هكتار/السنة من فاقد التربة. وباستخدام تقنيات الحفر الكنتوري فان التشجير واعادة الغطاء النباتي والمصاطب من شأنه أن يزيد المياه ويقلل من تآكل التربة.

تبلغ القيمة الحالية والكلفة التقديرية لمشروع البادية والذي مساحته 109.000 هكتار ما يقارب ال 10.1 مليون دينار أردني، وفوائد هذا المشروع كانت تتمركز حول المجتمع الرعوي، لكن كان هنالك فوائد اجتماعية وبيئية واقتصادية للاردن والعالم كذلك، حيث تم احتساب الفوائد الحالية على مدى خمس وعشروت عاما بمبلغ 25 مليون دينار اردني للرعاة و 138 مليون للمجتمع الاردني بالاضافة الى 152 مليون للمجتمع العالمي بخصم مقداره 7%. وتشتمل فوائد التشجير وإعادة وإحياء الغطاء النباتي ايضاً على الحفاظ على 307.500 متر مكعب من الترسبات في سد الملك طلال على نطاق واسع. ومن شأن إحياء الغطاء النباتي أن يقلل من مخاطر الفيضانات المفاجئة وضررها المباشر في البنية التحتية وخصوصاَ في المواقع السياحية مثل البتراء.

التنفيــذ

أوضحت لنا التجارب حول العالم أن حفر التربة هو أكثر العلاجات فعالية للاراضي المتدهورة من ناحية التكلفة. حيث تستقطب هذه الحفر المياه وتؤمن منابت آمنة للبذور بالإضافة الى حماية الأشتال. ولذا، ينبغي حفر التربة بطريقة تمكننا من زراعة العنب والزيتون والحبوب ومحاصيل أخرى متعددة في مناطق البادية.

زاي

إن من أنجح التقنيات المستخدمة لإعادة تأهيل الاراضي المتدهورة هي الحفر التقليدي المُحسّن (زاي). تم تطوير هذه التقنية في بداية الثمانينات على يد ياكوبا سوادغو، وهو مزارع من منطقة ياتينغا في بوركينا فاسو، قام سوادغو بزيادة قُطر وعمق الحفر المتعارف عليها ووضع السماد فيها خلال مواسم الجفاف. من خلال تركيز المياه وخصوبة التربة في نفس الحفرة فإنه نتج عن ذلك بأن نباتي الدُخن والذرة الرفيعة نميا جيداً ونجيا من فترة الجفاف. يبلغ عمق الحفر ما يقارب 20-30 سم وهذه الحفر تكون ممتلئة بالمواد العضوية، وهذا الامر يجذب النمل الابيض الذي بدوره يقوم بحفر قنوات مما يؤدي إلى تحسين التربة حيث يتسلل الماء أكثر ويبقى محتجزاً داخل التربة. ومن خلال استهلاك المواد العضوية فإن النمل الابيض يسهل ويتيح للعناصر الغذائية الوصول للنباتات بسهولة أكبر.

zai

إن التحضير لعملية الزاي يحتاج 50 يوم عمل لانسان لهكتار واحد في بوركينا فاسو. إذا تم إستئجار العمالة مقابل 3 يورو/اليوم فإن الكلفة ستكون 150 يورو/هكتار. تم إحياء عشرات الالاف من الهكتارات في مناطق الساحل من الاراضي المتدهورة وإعادتها الى الانتاج باستخدام طريقة حفر الزاي، وبالغالب يتم ذلك باستخدام تقنيات متطورة أخرى من التلال الكنتورية والخطوط الحجرية. قام أوسيني زوروم – المدير الأقليمي لوزارة الإسكان والتخطيط العمراني – بإنشاء مدرسة الزاي. حيث انتشر استخدام الزاي في بوركينا فاسو.ولقد زاد انتاج محصول الذرة الرفيعه من 125 كغم/هكتار بدون الزاي إلى 500 كجم/ هكتار مع الزاي. إنتشر استخدام الزاي بسرعة لانه يُسهّل الحصاد حتى في السنوات قليلة الامطار فإن محصول الدُخّن قد إزداد (300-400 كجم/هكتار) والى ما يقارب (1500-2000 كجم/هكتار) في السنوات الجيدة. وايضاً ارتفع منسوب المياه الجوفيه في الحفر الى 5 أمتار.

تستخدم طريقة الزاي ايضاَ لإحياء البيئة وزراعة الاشجار، حيث أنه بفضل الزاي زاد عدد الاشجار في المزارع عمّا كان عليه قبل 15-20 عاماً، في مقاطعة ياتنجا يذكر احد المزارعين انه كان يمتلك تسعة أشجار فقط في مزارعه عام 1983، وفي عام 1999 اصبحت 2000 شجرة، لطريقة الزاي فعالية عظيمة في اعادة تأهيل الاراضي والغطاء النباتي حيث لا يحتاج الامر اكثر من مجرفة وعامل مُدرب، يجدر بالذكر أن كلفة العمالة ليست بقليلة إنما لها دور كبير في توفير المرابح الكبيرة.

يعتبر الحفر سهلاَ نسبياَ باستخدام العمل اليدوي، وهو الأقل ظهوراً او شهرة في مشروع الاحياء واعادة التأهيل لأن النمط المستخدم يتنوع بسهولة وايضاَ يُمكّن من تجنب التقنيات الميكانيكة في انماط الرقعة الزراعية المُحسّنة. من المفضل أن تتم عملية الحفر اليدوي بطريقة مجتمعية مشتركة حيث يكون التطور ملحوظاً، حيث يمكن للاشخاص أن يحفروا مساحة كبيرة في يوم واحد، وهذا يحتاج التدريب والادوات الجيدة للحفر اليدوي الذي من شأنه أن يوفر عوائد كبيرة. ممكن للمزارعين وعائلاتهم الاستفادة من الادوات اليدوية ، مثلاُ لا حصرا: أدوات McLeod (80 دولاراً أمريكياً)، الادوات والمجارف ذات التحمل العالي (100 دولار)، ومن اجود عبوات الري الفرنسية (50 دولاراً) وكل هذا من شأنه تحسين الانتاجية، وبالامكان ايضاً شراء الادوات اليدوية الحديدة من الحدادين المحليين.

desert restoration

لقد أدّى الزاي إلى تحسين الأمن الغذائي العائلي بشكل كبير وبذات الوقت أدى إلى تحسين البيئة، وقد إنتشر هذا الاسلوب عبر البلدان والثقافات المختلفة. ولربما يكون لاستخدام الوسائل الاخرى في الري وحصاد المياه نتائج جيدة وأهمية كبيرة كذلك.

جرّار الحراثة

هنالك خيارات متعددة لجرار الحراثة المستخدمه حالياً، فمثلاُ يستخدم محراث كيمسد الاسترالي منذ عدة عقود، حيث يمكن جرّه بشاحنة، جيب أو حتى جمل. هذا المحراث يحتوي على موزع للبذو. ويمكن ايضاً استخدام محاريث مشابهة محلية الصنع، يمكن للمحراث ذو القرصين أن يحفر 8 كم بمسافة بينية 1 متر على التوالي وهذا يعني 6.4 هكتاراً باليوم لمدة 300 يوم على مدار السنة وهذا يعني ما يقارب ال 2000 هكتار.

إذا قمنا باستخدام اسطول من الشاحنات رباعية الدفع فإنه بإمكاننا حفر العديد من الهكتارات كل عام. صيانة هذه المحاريث بسيطة جداً وبالامكان صيانتها بأي متجر. أما بالنسبة للبذور فيجب انتقائها وتحديد مصدرها، وإن كانت غير كافية فنزرعها للحصول على المزيد منها، وستكون لدينا سلسلة من المشاتل المحلية القادرة على انتاج الاشتال اللازمة.

نظام فاليراني

يُعد نظام فاليراني لحفر التربة ذو فعالية عالية ولكنه أكثر تكلفة،. يمكن لهذا النظام أن يعالج 20 هكتاراً كل يوم ويمكنه أيضاً حفر 5.720 حوضاً صغيراً. تحتاج الجرارات الكبيرة من فاليراني ومحاريث ديلفي الى صيانه فنية دائمة ومعقدة نوعاُ ما. وممكن لكل جرار ان يكلف ما بين 100-150 ألف دولارا امريكياً وفي بعض الحالات ممكن ان يكلف محراث ديلفي المصنع من قبل ناردي حوالي 40 ألف دولار، وبهذا فإن تكلفة المعالجة والحراثة ممكن أن تصل 100 دولار لكل هكتار بالاضافة الى كلفة الاشتال.

vallerani system for desert restoration

أهداف كبيرة

إن التحدي الاكبر الذي تواجهه البادية حالياً هو معالجة واحياء عشرات الالاف من الهكتارات سنوياً، ولجعل هذا ممكناً فإن هنالك حاجة كبيرة لتجميع وحصاد الماء بجميع الانظمة، من نظام الزاي الى نظام فاليراني. ولذا يجب أن نستثمر في التدريب على هذا التقنيات في المدارس والمجتمعات المحلية في جميع مناطق البادية لتحقيق الفائدة المرجوة، حيث ممكن تزويد كل قرية بالادوات اليدوية الصغيرة لعمل الحفر والخنادق، وممكن استخدام نظام فاليراني للمناطق البعيدة عن القرى وايضاُ استخدام الجرارات المسحوبة بشاحنات الدفع الرباعي. حيث يمكن استخدام المحراث المسحوب بواسطة جرار بقوة 150 حصات في المناطق ذات التربة والمنحدرات المناسبة. فعندما نقوم بمعالجة 10 – 20 % من حواف المنحدرات فإن هذا يعتبر كافياً لتحسين التاهيل للتربة وتحفيزها حتى تتعافى.

يمكن أن يصل هدف إنعاش وإحياء الغطاء النباتي الى 200000 هكتاراً سنوياً مع المجموعة الكاملة من تقنيات حفر التربة المستخدمة. ستقوم ستة فرق باستخدام نظام فاليراني وستقوم بتأمين السائقين والوقود والمعدات للمجتمعات، بالإضافة الى ثمانية عشر حفاراً من طراز فاليراني وهذه مزودة بثلاث اقراص للحرث لمعالجة 360 هكتاراً من أراضي البادية يومياً، أو 130000 هكتاراً سنوياً. حيث يمكن للمحراث المسحوب بجرار أو شاحنة أن يعالج 57000 هكتار وأيضاُ سيكون للحفر اليدوي بنظام الزاي حصة في معالجة 20000 هكتاراً.

سوف يستفيد هذا المشروع من ستة مشاتل اقليمية لجمع وتخزين ومعالجة وحتى زراعة الاشتال، وتشتمل هذه الاشتال على النباتات المخصصة للزراعة في المناطق التي تحتاج المعالجة مثل: البلوط وأشجار الفستق والعرعر وغيرها من الاشجار والشجيرات المحلية كالعنب والزيتون وكذلك الرتم. وبالامكان ايضاً أن يبدأ بتحضير الحدائق المنزلية وتوزيعها عليها مع التعليمات اللازمة بالري والانظمة الاكثر كفاءة للزراعة، ومن المطلوب أن يكون هنالك تدريباً على انشاء أماكن لتجميع مياه الامطار، وبناء الصهاريج وتركيب الخلايا الكهروضوئية بالاضافة الى معالجة مياه الامطار وتحسينها لتصبح صالحه للشرب. إن التكلفة الاجمالية لمشروع بهذا الحجم بما في ذلك اليد العاملة ستصل تقريباً 20 مليون دولاراً سنوياً لمدة عشرين عاماً. وسيتم  تعويض هذه المبالغ بفوائد وتحقيق عوائد في واردات القمح، والطاقة وانخفاض اضرار الفيضانات وزيادة الايرادات السياحية.

ترجمة: ماجدة هلسه

أردنية متعددة الإهتمامات، لديها من الخبرة ما يقارب السبعة وعشرون عاماً في مجال المالية والإدارة في المؤسسات المحلية والدولية، وتعمل ماجدة حالياً مع التعاون الدولي الالماني كموظفة مالية. ومع ذلك كله وعلى الصعيد التطوعي، فإن لديها شغفاً كبيراً بالترجمة في كافة المواضيع والمجالات، وقد بُني هذا الشغف بالخبرة الشخصية والعملية على مدى هذه السنين.

Note: The English version of the article is available at this link.

Ten Tips for Green Living

Green living is an attempt to reduce an individual’s or society’s use of the Earth’s natural resources by altering methods of transportation, energy consumption, water usage etc. Green living aims to meet present ecological, societal, and economical needs without compromising these factors for coming generations.

Also Read: How to Start Off-the-Grid Living

Reduction in the size of ecological or carbon footprint is the natural outcome of sustainable living. Practices like resource conservation, waste reduction, and even making time to try grounding, which reconnects individuals with nature, can help address the major environmental challenges facing mankind, including water pollution, soil contamination, air pollution, and wildlife protection.

tips for green living

When it comes to sustainability, every individual has a role to play. Any individual can adopt a green lifestyle. Here are few green living tips that may help in creating a healthy environment for you and your family, as well as for the Earth:

  1. Follow the hierarchy of 3Rs – Reduce consumption, Reuse what you buy and Recycle the rest
  2. Practice upcycling – Convert waste materials into new materials or products of higher quality or value than the original, e.g. transforming a plastic bag into a bin liner or a plastic bottle into a seed propagator or a coconut shell into eating bowl.
  3. Compost organics – Making compost for your garden is an easy way to add nutrients to your soil while also reducing your household waste.
  4. Reuse water – Water is an invaluable but finite resource. Use sink water to flush toilets, use greywater for irrigating garden and harvest rainwater.
  5. Conserve energy – Energy is the driving force of development. Conserve it by turning-off computers at night, making a switch from incandescent to CFLs or LEDs and avoid putting appliances on standby.
  6. Rethink bottled waterPlastic water bottles take thousands of years to decompose. Buy a reusable container and fill it with purified water.
  7. Recycle old cellphones –Tens of millions of cellphones are retired each year introducing toxic substances into the environment if they go into landfills. There are plenty of reputable programs where you can recycle your phone, many which benefit noble causes.
  8. Recycle aluminium and glass – Twenty recycled aluminium cans can be made with the energy it takes to manufacture one brand new one. Likewise, every ton of glass recycled saves the equivalent of nine gallons of fuel oil needed to make glass from virgin materials.
  9. Avoid plastic bags – Around 1 trillion such bags are consumed worldwide every year which cause big interference in natural ecosystems. Some of the alternatives are cloth-based bags, such as jute and cotton, which are biodegradable as well as reusable.
  10. Plant an idea – Sustainable living is not an improbable task. Simple things, like planting a tree, can make a meaningful difference.

Also Read: Innovative Eco-friendly Meal Solutions Inspired by Global Cuisines

4 Things Every Muslim Should Do For The Planet

When it comes to our responsibilities as Muslims in protecting the planet, there are no blurred lines. As citizens of this planet, it is our obligation to do our part, both as individuals and as a community. This means, that we look environmental sustainability in the eye – that we begin to introspect our lifestyles, and make choices that are compatible with the well being of our home and the teachings of our faith.

If you’re new to this conversation, then here’s my invitation for you: continue reading. Here are some of my top tips to help every Muslim embark on a green and eco-friendly journey.

green-muslims

1. Practice your faith

Islam teaches us to live with compassion and grace, and this includes our treatment of the planet. As Salman Zafar, Founder of EcoMENA, says: “The Holy Qur’an has a number of specific references to ecology and also contains some important principles for environmental conservation.”

Click here to learn more about the environmental teachings of Islam. Treading softly and with the planet in mind is undoubtedly part of our faith.

2. Learn the facts

We’ve all heard the terms “Climate Change” and “Global Warming.” But how many of us actually know the science behind it. When it comes to living more sustainably, we need to learn the facts. Think about it, we live in a world where the president of the most powerful country denies Climate Change.

If we want to do our part in protecting the planet, we need to know the details. One of my favourite reads has to be This Changes Everything by Naomi Klein. There are loads of resources out there. Seek them.

3. Action time

Once we become more aware of environmental issues, we are able to make better choices in our own lives. The more we know, the more we can implement positive habits into our day to day. When we talk about sustainability, we have to recognize that the choices we make matter.

We also have to believe in our own power – as individuals and as a community – for creating change. Often, government leaders, businesses and organizations make us feel helpless. In reality, what we pay for, is one of the most effective ways of voting for the world we want.

Let’s break it down now: what do we mean when we say our daily actions matter? Anything from what you wear, to what you eat, how you get from one place to another matters. When we talk about sustainability, we have to think about the amount of waste and trash we produce. There are so many ways for you to get involved, but don’t get overwhelmed.

4. Spread the word

And finally: spread the word. Who said you can’t be an eco-warrior? Climate Change is the most urgent issue we face as a global community. The finite nature of it means that the clock is ticking. We need all hands on deck.

Lead by example, and show those around you how you can live a beautifully sustainable life – one that is aligned with the teachings of our faith, the well being of our planet and our own health and wellness. It’s a win-win if you ask me.